Intego ni izihe? Kuki intego ari ngombwa?

Inganda za semiconductor zikunze kubona ijambo kubikoresho bigenewe, bishobora kugabanywamo ibikoresho bya wafer nibikoresho byo gupakira. Ibikoresho byo gupakira bifite inzitizi nkeya ugereranije nibikoresho byo gukora wafer. Igikorwa cyo gukora wafers gikubiyemo ahanini ubwoko 7 bwibikoresho bya semiconductor na chimique, harimo ubwoko bumwe bwibikoresho bigenewe. Nibihe bikoresho bigenewe? Ni ukubera iki ibikoresho bigenewe ari ngombwa? Uyu munsi tuzavuga kubyerekeye intego igamije!

Nibihe bikoresho bigenewe?

Muri make, intego yibikoresho ni intego yibikoresho byatewe nibice byihuta byihuta. Mugusimbuza ibikoresho bitandukanye (nka aluminium, umuringa, ibyuma bitagira umwanda, titanium, intego ya nikel, nibindi), sisitemu zitandukanye za firime (nka superhard, idashobora kwambara, firime irwanya ruswa, nibindi) irashobora kuboneka.

Kugeza ubu, (ubuziranenge) gusohora ibikoresho bigenewe bishobora kugabanywamo:

1) Intego zicyuma (aluminium yicyuma, titanium, umuringa, tantalumu, nibindi)

2) Intego zivanze (nikel chromium alloy, nikel cobalt alloy, nibindi)

3) Intego zububiko bwa ceramic (oxyde, siliside, karbide, sulfide, nibindi).

Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye, burashobora kugabanywamo: intego ndende, intego ya kare, hamwe nintego yumuzingi.

Ukurikije imirima itandukanye ikoreshwa, irashobora kugabanywamo: intego ya chip ya semiconductor, intego yibikoresho byerekana, intego yizuba, intego yo kubika amakuru, intego zahinduwe, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, nibindi bigamije.

Urebye kuri ibi, wagombye kuba warasobanukiwe nintego zogusukura cyane, hamwe na aluminium, titanium, umuringa, na tantalum ikoreshwa mubyuma. Mu gukora semiconductor wafer, inzira ya aluminiyumu mubisanzwe nuburyo nyamukuru bwo gukora wafer 200mm (santimetero 8) no munsi, kandi ibikoresho bigenewe gukoreshwa ahanini ni aluminium na titanium. 300mm (12 santimetero) gukora wafer, ahanini ikoresha tekinoroji yo guhuza umuringa igezweho, cyane cyane ukoresheje intego z'umuringa na tantalum.

Umuntu wese agomba kumva icyo intego aricyo. Muri rusange, hamwe nubwiyongere bwibisabwa bya chip hamwe nibisabwa byiyongera kumasoko ya chip, byanze bikunze hazabaho kwiyongera kubikoresho bine byingenzi byuma bya firime byoroheje mu nganda, aribyo aluminium, titanium, tantalum, n'umuringa. Kandi kuri ubu, nta kindi gisubizo gishobora gusimbuza ibi bikoresho bine bya firime.