Yuav kom tau txais kev tsim nyog tooj liab alloy castings, tsim nyog tooj liab alloy kua yuav tsum tau ua ntej. Lub smelting ntawm tooj liab alloy yog ib qho ntawm cov yuam sij kom tau txais cov khoom zoo tooj liab kub-cov kabmob castings. Ib qho ntawm cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov tsis xws luag ntawm tooj liab alloy castings, xws li cov khoom tsis tsim nyog, porosity, oxidation slag suav nrog, kev sib cais, thiab lwm yam, yog kev tswj cov txheej txheem smelting tsis raug. Cov kev xav tau rau qhov zoo ntawm tooj liab alloy kua muaj xws li cov hauv qab no.
(1) nruj me ntsis tswj cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm cov alloy. Qhov muaj pes tsawg leeg cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov qauv thiab cov khoom ntawm cov hlau, nyob rau hauv kev noj tshuaj kom nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau qib ntawm tooj liab alloy hloov pauv ntau yam thiab qhov kub ntawm cov ntsiab lus, yooj yim rau hlawv cov ntsiab lus kom tsim nyog txhim kho lawv cov proportioning ratio.
(2) Ntshiab tooj liab alloy kua. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov hlau los ntawm kev nqus thiab oxidizing thaum lub sij hawm melting, tus nqi thiab cov cuab yeej yuav tsum tau preheated thiab qhuav, thiab lub crucible yuav tsum tau preheated rau tsaus liab (siab tshaj 600C) ua ntej siv kom tsis txhob nqa dej thiab ua rau aspiration. Npog tus neeg saib xyuas yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau qee cov kua tooj liab hlau los tiv thaiv lossis txo cov oxidative hlawv cov ntsiab lus thiab tsis txhob oxidation slag suav nrog hauv castings.
(3) nruj me ntsis tswj lub melting thiab pouring kub. Lub siab melting kub yog ib qho yooj yim ua rau cov hlau nqus tau pa, thiab oxidation slag suav nrog yuav nce, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau txhuas bronze. Thaum lub casting kub dhau lawm, qhov pores yuav tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau tin-phosphorus bronze.
(4) Tiv thaiv kev sib cais ntawm cov hlau alloying. Vim qhov sib txawv loj ntawm qhov ntom thiab melting point ntawm ntau lub ntsiab lus, cov yam ntxwv crystallization ntawm cov hlau kuj sib txawv, uas yog ib qho yooj yim los ua kom muaj kev sib cais tshwj xeeb thiab thim rov qab, xws li kev sib cais tshwj xeeb ntawm cov hlau lead bronze yog qhov tshwj xeeb, thiab qhov thim rov qab cais ntawm tin phosphorus bronze kuj pom tseeb. Yog li ntawd, kev ntsuas thev naus laus zis yuav tsum tau coj los tiv thaiv kev sib cais. Txhawm rau kom tau txais kev tsim nyog tooj liab alloy kua, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub txhua yam ntawm cov txheej txheem melting, xws li kev npaj them nqi, kev txiav txim them nyiaj, tiv thaiv kev nqus ntawm cov pa, siv cov flux zoo, deoxidation, refining, nruj me ntsis tswj cov melting kub thiab pouring. kub, kho cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg. Copper alloy yuav nrog oxidation loj thiab inspiratory phenomena thaum melting, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws yog overheated. Copper alloy oxides (xws li Cu₂O) tuaj yeem yaj hauv cov kua tooj liab, txhawm rau txo cov CuO hauv cov kua tooj liab, qhov tsim nyog tus neeg sawv cev deoxygenation tshem tawm cov pa. Lub peev xwm nqus ntawm tooj liab alloy kua yog muaj zog heev, dej vapor thiab oxygen yog cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau lub porosity ntawm tooj liab alloy, thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem cov roj thaum smelting yog hu ua "degassing". Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tshem tawm insoluble oxide inclusions los ntawm tooj liab alloys yog hu ua "refining". Thaum tooj liab alloy yog melting, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm overheating, lub suction yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog loj, yog li nws yog tsim nyog los tswj lub melting kub thiab siv lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm "sai melting". Ntau yam tooj liab alloys muaj ob qho tib si siab melting point thiab tshuaj stability ntawm alloying ntsiab (xws li Fe, Mn, Ni, thiab lwm yam), tab sis kuj muaj tsawg melting point thiab chemical zog ntawm active alloying ntsiab (xws li Al, Zn, thiab lwm yam). , qhov ceev ntawm ntau yam tseem ceeb yog loj, tooj liab alloy melting txheej txheem yog ntau complex, txhua yam ntawm tooj liab alloy melting txheej txheem sib txawv kuj loj, yog li cov smelting yuav tsum xyuam xim rau qhov kev txiav txim ntawm kev pub mis, cov khoom siv raw thiab cov khoom siv rov qab yuav tsum tau muab cais thiab tswj xyuas nruj me ntsis, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov khoom siv rov qab yuav tsum nruj me ntsis tiv thaiv los ntawm cov tshuaj tsis tsim nyog vim yog kev sib xyaw.
Cov txheej txheem dav dav ntawm tooj liab alloy melting yog: kev npaj them nqi ua ntej melting, preheating ntawm crucible, pub melting, deoxidation, refining, degassing, kho cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kub, scraping slag, pouring. Cov txheej txheem saum toj no tsis zoo ib yam rau txhua qhov tooj liab alloy, xws li tin bronze feem ntau ua kom zoo zoo yam tsis muaj flux, thiab tooj dag feem ntau tsis deoxidized.
Post lub sij hawm: Nov-10-2023