Hoʻohana i nā metala refractory

ʻO nā metala refractory kahi ʻano mea metala me ke kūpaʻa wela maikaʻi a me ka helu heheʻe kiʻekiʻe loa.

ʻO kēia mau mea refractory, a me nā ʻano hui like ʻole a me nā ʻāpana i haku ʻia o lākou, he nui nā ʻano maʻamau. Ma waho aʻe o ka helu hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe, loaʻa iā lākou ke kūpaʻa corrosion kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a mālama i ka ikaika mechanical maikaʻi loa i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kēia mau hiʻohiʻona e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā metala refractory i nā kula he nui, e like me ke aniani hoʻoheheʻe electrodes, nā ʻāpana umu, nā pahuhopu sputtering, radiators a me nā crucibles. Ua hoʻolauna nā poʻe loea mai ke Keʻena ʻenehana o RSM i nā metala refractory ʻelua i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia a me kā lākou mau noi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ka molybdenum a me ka niobium.

molybdenum

ʻO ia ka metala refractory i hoʻohana nui ʻia a loaʻa nā waiwai mechanical maikaʻi ma lalo o ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kiʻekiʻe thermal conductivity.

ʻO kēia mau waiwai ka manaʻo e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka molybdenum e hana i nā ʻāpana paʻa no nā noi wela kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā ʻāpana halihali, nā pad brake elevator, nā ʻāpana umu, a me nā make forging. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Molybdenum i nā radiators ma muli o kona kiʻekiʻe thermal conductivity (138 W / (m · K)).

Ma waho aʻe o kāna mau mea mechanical a me thermal, molybdenum (2 × 107S / m), ka mea e hoʻohana ai i ka molybdenum e hana i ka electrode melting glass.

Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia ka molybdenum me nā metala like ʻole no nā noi e koi ana i ka ikaika wela, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe o ka molybdenum i nā wela kiʻekiʻe. ʻO TZM kahi molybdenum base alloy kaulana, nona ka 0.08% zirconium a me 0.5% titanium. ʻO ka ikaika o kēia huila ma 1100 ° C ma kahi o ʻelua o ka molybdenum unalloyed, me ka hoʻonui haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka conductivity thermal kiʻekiʻe.

niobium

ʻO Niobium, he metala refractory, he kiʻekiʻe ka ductility. Loaʻa i ka Niobium ka hana kiʻekiʻe ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a he nui nā ʻano, e like me ka foil, ka pā a me ka pepa.

Ma ke ʻano he metala refractory, he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka niobium, ʻo ia ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā alloys niobium no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana refractory kiʻekiʻe me ke kaumaha māmā. No laila, hoʻohana mau ʻia nā mea hao niobium e like me C-103 i nā ʻenekini rocket aerospace.

ʻO C-103 ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe loa a hiki ke kū i nā mahana a hiki i 1482 ° C. He mea kūpono hoʻi ia, kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai ke kaʻina TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) e weld ia me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka machinability a i ʻole ductility.

Eia kekahi, ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā metala refractory ʻē aʻe, he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa neutron neutron, e hōʻike ana i ka hiki i ka hanauna hou o nā noi nuklea.