Ƙarfe-ƙarfe wani nau'i ne na kayan ƙarfe tare da kyakkyawan juriya na zafi da matsanancin narkewa.
Wadannan abubuwan da ke da alaƙa, da nau'o'in mahadi da alluran da aka haɗa da su, suna da halaye masu yawa. Bugu da ƙari ga babban wurin narkewa, suna kuma da juriya mai girma, babban yawa, da kuma kula da ingantaccen ƙarfin injina a yanayin zafi. Waɗannan halayen suna nufin cewa ana iya amfani da ƙarfe masu jujjuyawa a fagage da yawa, kamar narkewar lantarki ta gilashi, sassan tanderu, maƙasudin sputtering, radiators da crucibles. Kwararru daga Sashen Fasaha na RSM sun gabatar da karafa biyu da aka fi amfani da su da kuma aikace-aikacen su, wato, molybdenum da niobium.
molybdenum
Shi ne ƙarfe mai jujjuyawar da aka fi amfani da shi kuma yana da kyawawan kaddarorin injina a ƙarƙashin babban zafin jiki, ƙarancin haɓakar thermal da haɓakar haɓakar thermal.
Waɗannan kaddarorin suna nufin cewa ana iya amfani da molybdenum don kera sassa masu ɗorewa don aikace-aikacen zafi mai zafi, kamar sassa masu ɗaukar nauyi, pad ɗin birki na lif, sassan murhu, da ƙirƙira ya mutu. Ana amfani da molybdenum a cikin radiators saboda yawan ƙarfin zafinsa (138 W / (m · K)).
Bugu da ƙari, kayan aikin injiniya da thermal, molybdenum (2 × 107S/m), wanda ke yin molybdenum da ake amfani da shi don yin gilashin narkewar lantarki.
Molybdenum yawanci ana haɗa shi da ƙarfe daban-daban don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ƙarfin zafi, saboda har yanzu molybdenum yana da ƙarfi ko da a yanayin zafi. TZM sanannen hadaddiyar giyar molybdenum ce, wanda ya ƙunshi 0.08% zirconium da 0.5% titanium. Ƙarfin wannan gami a 1100 ° C kusan sau biyu ne na molybdenum mara kyau, tare da ƙananan haɓakar thermal da haɓakar haɓakar thermal.
niobium
Niobium, karfe mai jujjuyawa, yana da babban ductility. Niobium yana da babban aiki ko da a ƙananan zafin jiki, kuma yana da nau'i-nau'i da yawa, kamar foil, faranti da takarda.
A matsayin ƙarfe mai jujjuyawa, niobium yana da ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙima, wanda ke nufin cewa ana iya amfani da allunan niobium don kera kayan aikin haɓaka mai inganci tare da ƙarancin nauyi. Don haka, ana amfani da allunan niobium kamar C-103 a cikin injunan roka na sararin samaniya.
C-103 yana da kyakkyawan ƙarfin zafin jiki mai kyau kuma yana iya jure yanayin zafi har zuwa 1482 ° C. Hakanan yana da tsari sosai, inda za'a iya amfani da tsarin TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas) don walda shi ba tare da tasiri mai mahimmanci ba ko ductility.
Bugu da kari, idan aka kwatanta da daban-daban refractory karafa, shi yana da ƙananan thermal neutron giciye sashe, yana nuna yuwuwar a cikin na gaba ƙarni na aikace-aikace na nukiliya.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-29-2022